The whole turmeric is a tuberous rhizome, with a rough, segmented skin. The rhizome is yellowish-brown with a dull orange interior that looks bright yellow when powdered. Turmeric, with its brilliant yellow colour, has been used as a dye, medicine, as well as a flavouring ingredient since ancient times. Turmeric is one of the key ingredients in many curries for adding colour and flavour.

The main turmeric cultivating states in India are Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa, West Bengal, Gujarat and Maharashtra.